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KMID : 0604220070140030067
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Korean Journal Investigative Dermatology
2007 Volume.14 No. 3 p.67 ~ p.72
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Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis
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Park Young-Lip
Park Joon
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Abstract
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Atopic dermatitis is a pruritic, chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin condition with variable clinical features. With a prevalence of 10% to 30% in children and 1% to 3% in adults, it is one of the most common skin diseases. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis has been on the rise over the past thirty years. There are many known factors related with atopic dermatitis. First of all, genetic factors play an important role in causing atopic dermatitis. Genetic factors are also known to play a major role in inducing asthma. Mutation of IL-4 promoter genes is one such example. Hence, today many studies focus on identifying polymorphic markers and SNP(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism). Cytokines are another trigger of atopic dermatitis. In acute atopic dermatitis, Th2 lymphocytes produce many interleukins(IL)-4, 5, 6, 13, which bring about increases in IgE production. IgE, in turn, activates mast cells and basophils. Activated mast cells and basophils are related with acute skin reaction. In chronic atopic dermatitis, Th1-related cytokines induce chronic inflammation. Keratinocytes and Langerhans cells can also cause and aggravate atopic dermatitis. Keratinocytes form protective skin films and produce many cytokines. They are influenced by cytokines which are produced by other cells. In atopic dermatitis, Langerhans cells and their specific IgE receptors increase. Langerhans cells make a significant contribution to causing lesion and making continuous immune responses by transmitting allergens.
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KEYWORD
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Atopic dermatitis, Cytokines, Pathogenesis
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